OPEC: How to transition from black to green gold
نویسنده
چکیده
Global discussions on the reduction of Co2 emissions and the increasing interest in alternative energy sources and production technologies have started to concern oil exporting nations. International discussions on projects such as Desert Tec might also have sparked their interest to explore a possible diversification of their energy resource production portfolio. However, extremely low in-country retail prices of fossil fuels to date present a significant economic hurdle to such developments. This paper uses a formal model setup accompanied by intuitive graphical illustrations as well as a numerical example to analyze fossil fuel abundant nations′ potential to transition to a supplier of renewable energy as well as possible pitfalls resulting from their status quo situation. & 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
منابع مشابه
THE GREEN SYNTHESIS OF GOLD NANOPARTICLES USING THE ETHANOL EXTRACT OF BLACK TEA AND ITS TANNIN FREE FRACTION
Abstracts: nanoparticles. All the extracts were used separately for the synthesis of gold nanoparticles through the reduction ofaqueous AuClgold ions to gold nanoparticles. The ethanol extract of black tea and its tannin free ethanol extract produced goldnanoparticles in the size ranges of 2.5-27.5 nm and 1.25-17.5 nm with an average size of 10 nm and 3 nm, respectively.The prepared colloid gol...
متن کاملThe phase transition of corrected black hole with f(R) gravity
In this letter, we consider static black hole in f(R) gravity.We take advantage from corrected entropy and temperature and investigate such black hole. Finally, we study the $ P - V $ critically and phase transition of corrected black hole with respect to entropy and temperature. Here also, we obtain the heat capacity for the static black hole in $ f(R) $ gravity. This calculation help us...
متن کاملAssessment Some of Heavy Metals in Black Locust (Robinia pseudoascacia) in the Yazd Highway Green Belt
The aim of this study is to analysis the performance of Robinia pseudoascacia (black locust tree) to accumulation some of heavy metals and compared with the concentration of these metals in falling dust Yazd highway green belt. In order to an experiment was conducted as factorial based on completely randomized design with four replications.The results showed that the concentration of, ...
متن کاملStudy on lead levels in infusion time of imported green and black tea (Camellia sinensis L)
Background: Nowadays, tea is the most popular and frequently consumed beverages in the world after water. There are some beneficial trace elements in tea such as fluoride, caffeine and essential minerals, although there may be heavy metals in tea leaves which threat seriously human health. Therefore, the main objective of current study was to determine and monitor lead content in imported black...
متن کاملAntibacterial Effect of Iranian Green Tea and Black Tea against Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia
ABSTRACT Background and Objective: Anaerobic bacteria are the main cause of periodontitis. It has been shown that green tea and black tea have antibacterial effect. The aim of this study was to determine he antibacterial effect of Iranian green tea and black tea against Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia...
متن کامل